CBSE Class 12 Maths board exam is one of the most important exams of your academic life. Your score here directly impacts your college admissions, stream selection, and competitive exam preparation. Understanding the complete syllabus before you start preparing is the single smartest thing you can do right now.

The CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus for 2026 has 6 units and 13 chapters covering topics like Algebra, Calculus, Vectors, 3D Geometry, Probability and Linear Programming. This complete guide covers every chapter, unit-wise marks distribution, and exactly how to prepare for each topic effectively. 

CBSE Class 12 Maths Exam Pattern 2026

Before diving into the syllabus, here is the complete exam pattern every student must know:

The inclusion of Competency Based Questions has increased in recent years, requiring students to apply concepts rather than memorize formulas. This makes conceptual clarity more important than ever for scoring well in Class 12 Maths board exams. 

Unit-wise Marks Distribution 2026

The syllabus consists of 6 units — Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability. Calculus carries the highest weightage of 35 marks, followed by Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry at 14 marks.

Unit 1: Relations and Functions (8 Marks)

Chapter 1: Relations and Functions

This unit deepens the understanding of relations and functions from Class 11. Students learn different types of relations, functions and their inverses along with inverse trigonometric functions.

Key topics:

• Types of relations: reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence
• Types of functions: one-one, onto, and bijective
• Composition of functions and invertible functions
• Binary operations

Chapter 2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions

• Definition, domain and range of inverse trigonometric functions
• Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions
• Properties and principal values

Unit 2: Algebra (10 Marks)

Chapter 3 Matrices

• Types of matrices and matrix operations
• Transpose, symmetric and skew-symmetric matrices
• Elementary row and column operations
• Invertible matrices

Chapter 4 Determinants

• Determinant of a square matrix up to 3×3 order
• Properties of determinants
• Adjoint and inverse of a matrix
• Applications solving system of linear equations using Cramer’s Rule

Algebra in CBSE Class 12 Maths introduces matrices and determinants, which are widely used in higher studies, engineering, and computer applications.

Unit 3: Calculus (35 Marks)

Calculus is the most important unit in the entire CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus. Calculus is the highest weighted unit with 35 marks. It has five chapters that together form the backbone of Class 12 Maths preparation.

Chapter 5 — Continuity and Differentiability

• Continuity and differentiability of functions
• Derivative of composite, implicit and inverse trigonometric functions
• Exponential and logarithmic functions
• Rolle’s theorem and Mean Value theorem

Chapter 6 — Applications of Derivatives

• Rate of change of quantities
• Increasing and decreasing functions
• Tangents and normals to curves
• Maxima and minima — local and absolute

Chapter 7 — Integrals

• Integration as inverse of differentiation
• Methods of integration — substitution, partial fractions, by parts
• Definite integrals and their properties
• Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Chapter 8 — Applications of Integrals

• Area under simple curves
• Area between two curves

Chapter 9 — Differential Equations

• Order and degree of differential equations
• Methods of solving — variable separable, homogeneous
• Linear differential equations

Unit 4: Vectors and 3D Geometry (14 Marks)

Chapter 10 — Vector Algebra

• Types of vectors — zero, unit, parallel, collinear
• Addition of vectors and multiplication by scalar
• Position vector and section formula
• Dot product and cross product of vectors

Chapter 11 — Three Dimensional Geometry

• Direction cosines and direction ratios
• Equation of a line in space
• Angle between two lines and skew lines
• Equation of a plane
• Distance of a point from a plane

Unit 5: Linear Programming (5 Marks)

Chapter 12 — Linear Programming

• Introduction to linear programming problems
• Mathematical formulation of LPP
• Graphical method of solution for two variables
• Feasible and infeasible solutions
• Optimal feasible solutions

Unit 6: Probability (8 Marks)

Chapter 13 — Probability

• Conditional probability and multiplication theorem
• Independent events
• Bayes theorem and its applications
• Random variables and probability distribution
• Mean and variance of random variables
• Bernoulli trials and Binomial distribution

Internal Assessment Structure (20 Marks)

The internal assessment is for 20 marks and includes activities and project work. 

How to Prepare CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus Effectively

Start with Calculus first: With 35 marks weightage, Calculus must get maximum preparation time. Master Continuity, Differentiation and Integration thoroughly before moving to other units.

Never skip NCERT: NCERT textbooks are the most important resource for the Class 12 Maths board exam. Most questions are based directly on NCERT examples and exercises. Complete every NCERT exercise and example before touching any reference book. 

Practice previous year papers: The last 10 years of CBSE Class 12 Maths papers show exactly what question types appear repeatedly. Solving them builds both speed and exam pattern familiarity always.

Focus on high weightage units: Calculus at 35 marks and Vectors at 14 marks together give you 49 marks out of 80. Prioritize these two units above everything else in your preparation.

Make a formula sheet: Class 12 Maths has hundreds of formulas across 13 chapters. Maintaining a dedicated formula revision sheet saves enormous time in the final weeks before board exams.

How Ajay Sir Maths Helps You Master Class 12 Maths Syllabus

At Ajay Sir Maths, we cover the complete CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus with full chapter-by-chapter personal attention. Our approach ensures no student moves to the next chapter until the current one is completely clear.

Ajay Sir personally teaches every concept with complete clarity and patience. Whether it is Integration, Vectors, or Probability, every topic gets the dedicated time it deserves. Our Foundation course ensures students entering Class 12 already have strong Class 11 basics in place.

Here is what our CBSE Class 12 Maths coaching includes:

• Live 1-on-1 classes personally conducted by Ajay Sir
• Complete CBSE 2026 syllabus covered chapter by chapter
• NCERT solutions explained in a simple step-by-step method
• Previous year board paper practice every single week
• Chapter-wise tests with detailed individual feedback
• Dedicated doubt sessions so nothing goes unanswered ever
• Intensive revision and mock test series before board exams

Students who also want to prepare for JEE Maths alongside boards benefit greatly from our combined approach. Strong Class 12 Maths preparation directly supports JEE Maths performance always.

Book Your Free Demo Class Today

CBSE Class 12 Maths is completely achievable for every student with the right preparation and personal guidance. Do not wait for the syllabus to feel overwhelming before seeking help.

Book a free demo class with Ajay Sir today. Experience personal online Maths coaching before making your decision.

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